The Ten-lined Urchin (Eucidaris metularia) is a species of sea urchin found in the western Atlantic Ocean. This species is readily identifiable by its distinctive ten lines of spines, which radiate from the central portion of its test (shell). The Ten-lined Urchin is a common sight in its native habitat, playing an important role in the marine ecosystem.
Description and Characteristics
The test of the Ten-lined Urchin (Eucidaris metularia) can reach a maximum diameter of 7.5 centimeters. Its most prominent characteristic is the presence of ten longitudinal lines of spines that run from the apex to the base of the test. These spines are typically black or dark brown in color and are often tipped with white. The body is covered in short, fine spines, known as pedicellariae, which help to protect the urchin from predators. These pedicellariae are often tipped with sharp points and can be used for defense as well. The mouth of the urchin is located on the underside of the test, while the anus is situated on the top. This urchin’s test shape is globose (round) and somewhat flattened, providing a unique visual appearance.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Ten-lined Urchin (Eucidaris metularia) is found in the western Atlantic Ocean, from the coast of Florida, USA, to the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. Its distribution encompasses a range of marine zones, including the epipelagic zone, the mesopelagic zone, and the bathypelagic zone. This species is typically found in shallow water habitats, ranging from the intertidal zone to depths of over 100 meters. They can be observed on rocky reefs, coral reefs, seagrass beds, and sand bottoms, making them a diverse presence in the marine environment.
Taxonomy
The species Eucidaris metularia belongs to the Class: Echinoidea, Order: Cidaroida, and Family: Cidaridae. This classification places it among the regular sea urchins, characterized by their radial symmetry and the presence of five double rows of tube feet.
Feeding
The Ten-lined Urchin (Eucidaris metularia) is an omnivorous feeder, consuming a wide variety of food sources. Its diet includes algae, epiphytes, bryozoans (sea mats), carrion, detritus, invertebrates, sponges, and zoobenthos. This diverse diet allows the urchin to adapt to different food availability and ecological niches within its habitat. Its grazing activity can contribute to maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem.
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