Geography

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are located about 1,200 km (750 mi) east of the Indian mainland. They are divided into two groups: the Andaman Islands in the north and the Nicobar Islands in the south. The islands are separated by the Ten Degree Channel, a narrow strait of water. The largest island is South Andaman, which is also the location of the capital city, Port Blair.

The islands are geologically diverse, with volcanic origins and coral reefs. They are covered in dense rainforests, with some areas containing mangrove swamps and beaches. The islands are also home to a number of endemic species of plants and animals.

Population

The population of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is approximately 380,000. The majority of the population is concentrated on the Andaman Islands. The most populous island is South Andaman, followed by Middle Andaman and North Andaman. The Nicobar Islands have a much smaller population, with Car Nicobar being the most populous island.

The population is diverse, with a mix of indigenous tribes, mainland Indians, and immigrants from other countries. The most common languages spoken are Hindi, Bengali, and Tamil.

Culture

The culture of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is a mix of indigenous traditions and mainland Indian influences. The islands are home to a number of indigenous tribes, each with its own unique culture and language. The tribes have a rich history and tradition of living in harmony with nature. They are known for their traditional crafts, music, and dance.

The mainland Indian culture is also prevalent, with many people celebrating festivals like Diwali and Holi. The islands also have a strong maritime culture, with fishing being a significant part of the economy and way of life.

Economy

The economy of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands is primarily based on tourism, fishing, and forestry. Tourism is a major contributor to the economy, with the islands attracting visitors from around the world. The islands are known for their pristine beaches, lush rainforests, and diverse wildlife.

Fishing is also an important industry, with the islands being home to a variety of fish species. The islands are also known for their pearl farming. Forestry is another important industry, with the islands being rich in timber resources.

History

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands have a long and fascinating history. The islands were inhabited by indigenous tribes for centuries before being colonized by the British in the 18th century. The islands were a major penal colony for British India, with many prisoners being sent to the islands to work on infrastructure projects. The islands were also used as a base for the British during World War II.

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands became a union territory of India in 1956. The islands were devastated by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami, which caused widespread damage and loss of life.

Major Landmarks

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are home to a number of major landmarks, including:

• Cellular Jail: A former British prison, now a museum and memorial.
• Radhanagar Beach: One of the most beautiful beaches in India, known for its white sand and clear blue waters.
• Mount Harriet National Park: A national park that is home to a variety of wildlife, including elephants, deer, and birds.
• Ross Island: A former British settlement, now a popular tourist destination.
• Baratang Island: Home to the limestone caves, mud volcanoes, and mangrove swamps.