Scuba Diving in
Madeira Islands
Marine Species in
Madeira Islands
Dive Centres in
Madeira Islands
Geography
Madeira comprises the main island of Madeira, the smaller island of Porto Santo, and the uninhabited Desertas and Selvagens Islands. The main island, Madeira, is about 35 miles long and 13 miles wide, with rugged mountains, lush forests, and dramatic coastal cliffs. The highest point on the island is Pico Ruivo, at 6,105 feet above sea level. Porto Santo, located about 25 miles northeast of Madeira, is a smaller and flatter island known for its long sandy beach.
Population
The total population of the Madeira Islands is approximately 245,000, with the majority living on the main island of Madeira. The population is predominantly Portuguese, with a significant number of immigrants from other European countries and Africa.
Culture
Madeira's culture is a blend of Portuguese and indigenous traditions. The islands are known for their vibrant festivals, including the Carnival, the Festa do Vinho (Wine Festival), and the Festa da Flor (Flower Festival). Madeira's traditional music features instruments such as the guitar, cavaquinho, and viola da terra, and its cuisine is a fusion of Portuguese and African influences, with fresh seafood, local fruits, and wines as key ingredients.
Economy
Tourism is the primary driver of the Madeira economy, contributing significantly to its GDP. The islands are popular destinations for both leisure and adventure tourism, offering activities such as hiking, biking, golfing, and whale watching. Agriculture, particularly wine production, and fishing also play important roles in the economy.
History
The Madeira Islands were first discovered by Portuguese explorers in the 15th century. The islands were quickly colonized and became an important center for sugar production and trade. In the 19th century, Madeira became a popular destination for British tourists, leading to the development of its tourism industry. In 1976, the islands gained autonomy from Portugal.
Major Landmarks
Madeira is home to several notable landmarks, including:
- Pico Ruivo: The highest mountain on the island, offering breathtaking panoramic views.
- Madeira Botanical Garden: A beautiful garden showcasing a wide variety of plant species.
- Monte Palace Tropical Garden: A stunning garden with exotic flora and fauna, including a collection of parrots.
- Santana Village: Known for its traditional thatched-roof houses.
- Porto Santo Beach: A long, sandy beach perfect for swimming, sunbathing, and water sports.