Geography

São Tomé and Príncipe is situated about 250 kilometers (155 miles) off the coast of Gabon. São Tomé, the larger island, is characterized by its mountainous terrain, with the highest peak, Pico de São Tomé, reaching 2,024 meters (6,640 feet). Príncipe, the smaller island, is flatter and more volcanic in nature. The islands are home to a variety of ecosystems, including rainforests, savannas, and coastal mangrove swamps.

Population

The population of São Tomé and Príncipe is estimated at around 215,000. The majority of the population is of mixed African and Portuguese descent, with smaller communities of other ethnicities. The official language is Portuguese, but a variety of local Creole languages are also spoken.

Culture

The culture of São Tomé and Príncipe is a vibrant blend of African and Portuguese traditions. Music, dance, and art play a significant role in everyday life. Traditional music often features instruments like the guitar, drums, and marimba, while dances are characterized by their rhythmic movements and colorful costumes. The country is also home to a number of talented artists and craftspeople, who create works inspired by local themes and materials.

Economy

The economy of São Tomé and Príncipe is primarily based on agriculture, fishing, and tourism. The country's main agricultural products include cocoa, coffee, and copra. Fishing is also a significant industry, particularly for tuna and other seafood. Tourism is growing in importance, with visitors drawn to the islands' natural beauty and cultural attractions.

History

The islands of São Tomé and Príncipe were uninhabited before the arrival of the Portuguese in the 15th century. Portugal established a colony on São Tomé in 1485, and Príncipe followed shortly after. The islands were a major center of the Atlantic slave trade for centuries. After the abolition of slavery in the 19th century, the islands became primarily reliant on agriculture, particularly the production of cocoa. São Tomé and Príncipe gained independence from Portugal in 1975.

Major Landmarks

Some of the major landmarks of São Tomé and Príncipe include:

• Pico de São Tomé: The highest peak on the island of São Tomé, offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
• Lagoa Azul: A stunning lagoon on the island of Príncipe, renowned for its crystal-clear waters and lush surroundings.
• Roça Sundy: A historic cocoa plantation on the island of São Tomé, now a museum and cultural center.
• Museu Nacional de São Tomé: A museum in the capital city of São Tomé, showcasing the country's history and culture.
• Cathedral of São Tomé: A historic cathedral in the capital city, a prominent example of colonial architecture.