The Pilotfish, scientifically known as Naucrates ductor, is a fascinating and somewhat enigmatic fish species found in tropical and subtropical waters around the globe. This sleek, streamlined fish is renowned for its peculiar behavior of accompanying larger marine animals, particularly sharks, earning it the moniker “pilot fish.”
Description & Characteristics
The Pilotfish is characterized by its distinctive elongated body, which can reach a maximum size of 70.0 cm. Its body is adorned with a striking pattern of vertical black and white bands, giving it a zebra-like appearance. This coloration serves as a form of camouflage, helping the Pilotfish blend in with its surroundings. Its head is relatively small, with a blunt snout and a prominent mouth. The Pilotfish possesses two dorsal fins, the first of which is made up of spines, while the second is soft and elongated. The anal fin mirrors the second dorsal fin in shape and size.
Habitat and Occurrence
Naucrates ductor typically inhabits the warm waters of tropical and subtropical regions, with a depth range that extends from the surface to approximately 300.0 meters. It is commonly observed in both coastal and oceanic environments, often congregating around reefs, seamounts, and other rocky formations. The Pilotfish is considered a pelagic species, meaning that it spends most of its life in the open ocean, frequently associating with larger marine creatures like sharks, whales, and even sea turtles. Its presence is particularly noteworthy in the epipelagic and mesopelagic zones, the uppermost layers of the ocean where sunlight penetrates.
Taxonomy
The species Naucrates ductor belongs to the Class: Teleostei, Order: Carangiformes, and Family: Carangidae. The Carangidae family, commonly known as jacks, is a diverse group of fish that includes a wide array of species, many of which are prized game fish. The Carangiformes order encompasses a wide variety of ray-finned fishes, including amberjacks, pompanos, and scads.
Feeding
The Pilotfish is an opportunistic feeder, with a diet that consists primarily of small fish, invertebrates, krill, shrimp, and zooplankton. It is frequently observed scavenging for food around larger marine animals, particularly sharks. Its association with these predators provides access to a readily available source of food. The Pilotfish’s ability to navigate effectively through the water, combined with its agile movements, allows it to capture and consume a wide range of prey.
Image References