The Cuvier’s Surgeonfish, Purple Surgeonfish, Ring-tailed Surgeonfish, Yellowfin Surgeonfish, Yellow-mask Surgeon, scientifically known as Acanthurus xanthopterus, is a vibrant and captivating fish species found in the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region. This species is recognized for its striking coloration and distinctive features, making it a popular choice among marine aquarists.
Description & Characteristics
Acanthurus xanthopterus is a relatively large surgeonfish, reaching a maximum size of 70.0 cm. Its body is typically a deep purple to blue-gray color, with a bright yellow band running from the eye to the tail. The tail itself has a characteristic ring of yellow, which gives rise to its common name “Ring-tailed Surgeonfish.” The fish also exhibits a distinctive yellow “mask” around its eye, adding to its striking appearance. This species possesses the classic surgeonfish traits, including a scalpel-like spine located near the tail, which it uses for defense. The body is laterally compressed, allowing for efficient movement through the water column.
Habitat and Occurrence
Acanthurus xanthopterus is found in a wide range of habitats, typically inhabiting coral reefs, lagoons, and rocky shores. It is often observed at depths ranging from 1.0 to 100.0 meters, exhibiting a preference for areas with abundant algae growth. The species is commonly encountered in the tropical Indo-Pacific region, making it a prevalent presence in marine zones such as the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean.
Taxonomy
The species Acanthurus xanthopterus belongs to the Class: Teleostei, Order: Acanthuriformes, and Family: Acanthuridae. This classification places it within the group of bony fishes known as teleosts, which constitutes the largest and most diverse group of fishes. Acanthurus xanthopterus is further classified within the order Acanthuriformes, a group of fish characterized by their sharp, scalpel-like spines located near the tail. The Family: Acanthuridae, also known as surgeonfishes, comprises a diverse group of herbivorous fish, showcasing a wide array of colors and patterns.
Feeding
Acanthurus xanthopterus is an herbivore, feeding primarily on algae. Its diet includes a variety of algae, including filamentous algae, macroalgae, and benthic algae. In captivity, they are known to consume a variety of foods, including: algae, banana, brine shrimps, dandelion, flakes, frozen food (large sort), lettuce, living food, mysis, and nori-algae. Their grazing habits play a vital role in maintaining the health and balance of coral reef ecosystems.
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