The Argus Grouper, Blue-spotted Grouper, Peacock Grouper, Peacock Hind, Peacock Rockcod, Worldwide-peacock Rockcod – all common names for the species Cephalopholis argus – is a striking and well-known inhabitant of coral reefs across the Indo-Pacific region. With its vibrant and distinctive appearance, this grouper is a popular subject of underwater photography and a fascinating study for marine biologists.
Description & Characteristics
The Cephalopholis argus is easily recognizable due to its unique coloration. Its body is a pale yellowish-brown, covered in numerous blue or black spots that resemble the eyes of the mythical giant Argus Panoptes. These spots are more prominent on its head and upper body, often appearing as rings on the flanks. Its fins are generally dusky with darker blotches, and its lips are often reddish in color. The Cephalopholis argus can reach a maximum size of 60.0 cm in length.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Cephalopholis argus is a common sight in coral reefs, rocky reefs, and lagoons. It can be found in depths ranging from 0.0 to 40.0 meters, making it a versatile inhabitant of the Indo-Pacific region. This species is particularly abundant in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the Red Sea, encompassing marine zones such as the Indo-West Pacific and the Western Pacific.
Taxonomy
The Cephalopholis argus belongs to the Class: Teleostei, Order: Perciformes, and Family: Serranidae, a family known for its diverse group of fishes, including groupers, sea basses, and anthias. This classification reflects the species’ evolutionary lineage and its shared characteristics with other members of the Serranidae family.
Feeding
The Cephalopholis argus is a carnivore with a diverse diet that includes crustaceans, fish (including smaller fish), schrimps, shrimps, and smelts. It is known to be an ambush predator, relying on its camouflage and stealth to approach unsuspecting prey before striking with surprising speed. This feeding strategy is common among groupers and helps them thrive in their diverse reef habitats.
Image References