The Black-barred Surgeonfish, Blackstreak Surgeonfish, Epaulette Surgeonfish, Shoulderbar Surgeonfish, White-tail Surgeonfish, scientifically known as Acanthurus nigricauda, is a vibrant and striking fish species found in the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region. This surgeonfish stands out for its distinctive coloration and unique features.
Description & Characteristics
Acanthurus nigricauda boasts a captivating appearance with a black bar extending diagonally across its body, giving it its common names. Its body is typically a light brown to yellowish color, while its head and tail are adorned with a striking white band. This fish can reach a maximum size of 45.3 cm. The tail of the Acanthurus nigricauda features a distinctive “scalpel” or spine that is sharp and used as a defensive mechanism. This spine, located on either side of the tail, is characteristic of the Surgeonfish family, offering a potent defense against predators.
Habitat and Occurrence
Acanthurus nigricauda is a common sight in the marine zone, specifically inhabiting the subtidal, sublittoral, infralittoral, and deep zones of the oceans. These zones extend from the lower limit of the intertidal zone to the shelf edge at about 200 meters water depth, making them a common presence in neritic environments. Acanthurus nigricauda thrives in a diverse range of habitats, including lagoons, sandy sea floors, and seaward-facing reefs, making it a versatile inhabitant of the Indo-Pacific region.
Taxonomy
The species Acanthurus nigricauda belongs to the Class: Teleostei, Order: Acanthuriformes, and Family: Acanthuridae. This scientific classification places it among a diverse group of fish known for their unique features and ecological significance.
Feeding
Acanthurus nigricauda is an herbivorous fish that primarily feeds on algae. Its diet consists of a variety of algae species, providing essential nutrients for its growth and development. These surgeonfish are known to graze on algae, playing a crucial role in maintaining the balance of the marine ecosystem. Additionally, Acanthurus nigricauda can be found feeding on a variety of invertebrates, including brine shrimp, krill, and mysis. In captivity, these fish may also accept a varied diet of commercially prepared foods like flakes, frozen food (large sort), and nori algae.
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