The Stony Hard Coral, Blue Sarmentosa, scientifically known as Acropora sarmentosa, is a species of coral that is characterized by its distinctive blue coloration and branching growth pattern. This coral is a significant component of many coral reef ecosystems and plays a vital role in their overall health and biodiversity.
Description & Characteristics
Acropora sarmentosa is a branching coral, meaning its skeleton grows outwards in a series of interconnected branches. These branches are typically slender and can reach lengths of up to several feet, forming dense colonies that can be quite substantial in size. The coral’s most notable feature is its vibrant blue color, which results from the presence of pigments in its tissues. This blue hue is often contrasted by a pale white or cream-colored base, creating a visually striking contrast.
Habitat and Occurrence
Acropora sarmentosa prefers clear, shallow waters with good sunlight penetration. It is commonly found in the subtidal, sublittoral, and infralittoral zones, which encompass the depths from the lower limit of the intertidal zone to the shelf edge at approximately 200 meters. This species thrives in the neritic marine zone, which is the region of the ocean that lies above the continental shelf. It is often observed in areas with strong currents, as these currents help to deliver nutrients and oxygen to the coral. Acropora sarmentosa is a relatively common coral species and can be found in various locations throughout the Indo-Pacific region, from the Red Sea to the Great Barrier Reef.
Taxonomy
Acropora sarmentosa is classified within the phylum Cnidaria, which encompasses a wide range of aquatic invertebrates. It belongs to the Class: Hexacorallia, which distinguishes it as a species with six-fold symmetry in its body structure. The Order: Scleractinia further categorizes it as a stony coral, characterized by its hard, calcium carbonate skeleton. Finally, it is placed within the Family: Acroporidae, a family of corals known for their branching growth patterns and their often vibrant colors.
Feeding
Acropora sarmentosa is an obligate symbiont, meaning it relies on a symbiotic relationship with other organisms for survival. It forms a mutually beneficial relationship with tiny, single-celled algae called zooxanthellae, which reside within its tissues. These zooxanthellae photosynthesize, providing the coral with a significant portion of its energy needs. Additionally, Acropora sarmentosa feeds on a variety of organic and inorganic substances in its environment, including: dissolved inorganic substances like sodium chloride, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iodine, and phosphorus; dissolved organic substances; plankton; and nutrients derived from the surrounding water.
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