The Rock-boring Urchin (Echinometra mathaei) is a species of sea urchin found in the Indo-Pacific region. It is known for its ability to burrow into hard substrates, such as rocks and coral, and its distinctive spiny exterior.
Description & Characteristics
Echinometra mathaei is a relatively small sea urchin, typically reaching a maximum size of around 5 centimeters in diameter. Its body is covered in short, stout spines that are usually black or dark brown in color. These spines provide protection from predators and aid in movement. The urchin also possesses a complex system of tube feet, which are used for locomotion and feeding.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Rock-boring Urchin (Echinometra mathaei) is a common inhabitant of rocky shores and coral reefs throughout the Indo-Pacific region. It is particularly prevalent in the intertidal zone, where it can withstand exposure to air during low tides. This species is often found in shallow waters, typically at depths of up to 10 meters. The distribution of Echinometra mathaei encompasses a wide range of marine zones, including the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the Pacific Ocean, and the Red Sea. Its adaptability to varying environments and its burrowing behavior make it a resilient species in these coastal ecosystems.
Taxonomy
Echinometra mathaei belongs to the class Echinoidea, which encompasses all sea urchins. It is further classified within the order Camarodonta, a group of sea urchins characterized by their strong, pointed spines. Finally, the species belongs to the family Echinometridae, which includes various species of burrowing sea urchins.
Feeding
Echinometra mathaei is an herbivore, feeding primarily on algae. It uses its rasping teeth, located on its mouth, to scrape algae off rocks and coral. The Rock-boring Urchin (Echinometra mathaei) plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of coral reefs by controlling algal growth and creating space for other organisms.
Image References