Large Spiny Cockle – Acanthocardia aculeata

, Large Spiny Cockle, Acanthocardia aculeata

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The Large Spiny Cockle, scientifically known as Acanthocardia aculeata, is a species of saltwater clam, a type of marine bivalve mollusk. This distinctive species is characterized by its robust, heart-shaped shell, covered in prominent spines. The Large Spiny Cockle is a common sight in various marine environments, adding to the biodiversity of these ecosystems.

Description & Characteristics

The Acanthocardia aculeata is a relatively large cockle, with shells typically reaching a maximum size of around 8 cm in length. Its shell exhibits a distinctive heart-shape, with a prominent umbo (the highest point of the shell) located at the anterior end. A defining feature of this species is the presence of numerous, sharp spines that cover the entire surface of the shell. These spines provide protection against predators, adding to the cockle’s defense mechanisms.

The coloration of the Large Spiny Cockle can vary, ranging from a creamy white to a reddish-brown hue. The interior of the shell often exhibits a pearly luster, adding to its aesthetic appeal.

Habitat and Occurrence

The Acanthocardia aculeata is a species commonly found in the northeast Atlantic Ocean, extending from the British Isles to the Mediterranean Sea. It is a benthic species, preferring to live on sandy or muddy bottoms, typically in depths ranging from the intertidal zone to around 100 meters. This species often thrives in areas influenced by strong tidal currents, as these currents bring in food sources. As a result, the Large Spiny Cockle is frequently found in both the neritic and oceanic zones of the marine environment.

Taxonomy

The species Acanthocardia aculeata belongs to the Class: Bivalvia, Order: Cardiida, and Family: Cardiidae. This classification places it among a group of bivalve mollusks known for their heart-shaped shells. Bivalves are a large and diverse group of mollusks, which includes other familiar species such as oysters, clams, and mussels.

Feeding

The Acanthocardia aculeata is a filter feeder, utilizing its gills to capture and consume small food particles suspended in the water column. Its diet primarily consists of detritus (decomposed organic matter), plankton, and other microscopic organisms. This feeding strategy makes it a significant contributor to the ecological balance of its marine habitat.

Associated Species

Image References

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