Stethojulis
Stethojulis is a genus of wrasses, a family of fish commonly found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world. They are known for their vibrant colors and distinctive, often protruding, lips. These fish are relatively small, typically reaching a maximum length of around 15-20 cm, and are known for their intricate patterns and color variations, which can be used for camouflage, communication, and even attracting mates. Stethojulis wrasses are generally reef-associated, inhabiting coral reefs, rocky shores, and lagoons. They are primarily herbivores, feeding on algae and other plant matter, but some species may also consume small invertebrates.
Common Names
Stethojulis wrasses are commonly referred to as "wrasses" or "rainbow wrasses" due to their vibrant colors and patterns. Specific species are often named after their unique appearances, such as the "flame wrass" (Stethojulis albovittata), "black-spot wrass" (Stethojulis balteata), and "harlequin wrass" (Stethojulis interrupta).
Characteristics
Stethojulis wrasses share several characteristic features, including:
- Compressed bodies: They have laterally compressed bodies, which are deep and oval-shaped.
- Protruding lips: Many species have thick, fleshy lips that can protrude outwards, allowing them to graze on algae and other vegetation.
- Vibrant coloration: These wrasses display a wide range of colors and patterns, often with bright reds, yellows, greens, and blues. Their colors can vary depending on their sex, age, and environment.
- Small size: Most Stethojulis species grow to a maximum length of 15-20 cm.
- Single dorsal fin: They have a single dorsal fin that runs along their back, with a continuous structure.
- Scaly body: Their bodies are covered in small, overlapping scales.
Environment
Stethojulis wrasses are typically found in tropical and subtropical waters, with a preference for coral reefs, rocky shores, and lagoons. They are often found in shallow water depths, ranging from the intertidal zone to around 50 meters deep. Their habitat preference is influenced by their diet, as they primarily feed on algae and other marine plants found in these environments.
References
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