Oculina
Oculina is a genus of colonial stony corals in the family Oculinidae. These corals are characterized by their distinctive branching growth form, resembling a cluster of tiny eyes, hence the name “Oculina” derived from the Latin word “oculus” meaning eye. They are found in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean and Caribbean Sea.
Common Names
Oculina species are commonly known as "star coral" or "eye coral," due to their distinctive branching pattern.
Characteristics
Oculina corals have a distinctive morphology:
- Branching Growth: Their skeletons are made of calcium carbonate and form branching colonies, with individual polyps residing within the branches.
- Polyps: Each polyp has a central mouth surrounded by tentacles, used for feeding.
- Coloration: Oculina corals exhibit a wide range of colors, including white, yellow, brown, and orange.
- Size: Colonies can vary in size, from a few inches to several feet in diameter.
Environments
Oculina corals prefer clear, shallow, and well-lit waters. They are often found in areas with strong water currents, as these currents bring food and oxygen to the polyps.
References
World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS)
Florida Museum of Natural History