Monodontidae
The Monodontidae are a family of marine mammals within the order Cetacea. They are known for their unique physical characteristics and adaptations to cold, Arctic waters. This family includes two species: the narwhal (Monodon monoceros) and the beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas).
Common Names
The Monodontidae family is commonly referred to as the "narwhal whale family" or the "narwhal and beluga family." Both species are also referred to by their individual common names: narwhal and beluga whale.
Characteristics
Both narwhals and belugas are characterized by their stocky bodies and relatively small flippers. Belugas are known for their distinctive white coloration, while narwhals have a more mottled gray appearance. A unique feature of narwhals is the presence of a single, long, spiraled tusk, which is actually an elongated upper canine tooth. This tusk is present in males and occasionally in females.
Monodontidae species share several other characteristics:
- Thick layer of blubber for insulation in cold waters.
- Absence of a dorsal fin.
- Small eyes and a relatively small mouth.
- Ability to vocalize a wide range of sounds for communication and echolocation.
Environment
Monodontidae species are found in the Arctic and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere. They prefer cold, shallow waters, often near coastlines, estuaries, and river mouths. They can be found in both freshwater and saltwater environments.