Maxillicosta

Maxillicosta is a genus of marine snails, specifically sea slugs, in the family Chromodorididae. They are commonly known as nudibranchs or sea slugs. The genus is characterized by its colorful and patterned shells, which are reduced and often barely visible, with a distinctive dorsal ridge that runs down the center of the back. The genus has been recognized since 1870 and comprises over 30 species found in various parts of the world.

Little gurnard perch – Maxillicosta scabriceps

Common Names

Members of the genus Maxillicosta are often referred to as "Chromodorids" or "Nudibranchs" due to their classification within the Chromodorididae family and their lack of an external shell.

Characteristics

Maxillicosta species are characterized by their distinctive features:

  • Reduced Shell: Their shells are reduced and often barely visible, concealed beneath the mantle.
  • Dorsal Ridge: They possess a prominent dorsal ridge running down the center of the back.
  • Colorful Patterns: Maxillicosta species exhibit diverse and vibrant coloration and patterns, often showcasing combinations of red, orange, yellow, blue, and black. These colors serve both for camouflage and defense, as they can deter predators.
  • Gill Structure: They possess a single, feathery gill that protrudes from the mantle, located in the posterior region of the body.
  • Rhinophores: Like many nudibranchs, Maxillicosta species have two rhinophores, sensory organs that resemble antennae, used to detect chemical cues in the water.
  • Size: These sea slugs can range in size, with some species reaching up to several centimeters in length.

Environment

Maxillicosta species are found in various marine environments, primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. They typically inhabit coral reefs, rocky shores, and seagrass meadows. These environments provide them with abundant food sources and protection from predators.

References

* Bouchet, P.; Rocroi, J.-P.; Frýda, J.; Hausdorf, B.; Ponder, W.; Valdés, Á.; Warén, A. (2005). "Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families". Malacologia. 47 (1-2): 1–397. ISBN 3-89127-147-6.* Gosliner, T. M.; Behrens, D. W.; Williams, G. (1996). Nudibranchs of the World: A Guide to the Worldwide Diversity of Opisthobranch Molluscs. Sea Challengers. ISBN 978-0-930118-06-0.