Lichina
Lichina is a genus of marine lichen in the family Lichinaceae. They are commonly known as “black-finger lichens” due to their distinctive dark, finger-like thalli. These lichens are found in the intertidal zone, growing on rocky shores in various parts of the world.
Characteristics
Lichina species are characterized by their black or dark brown, leathery thalli, which are often branched and finger-like. They are typically found growing in dense mats on rocks exposed to the harsh conditions of the intertidal zone. Unlike other lichens, Lichina lack a distinct cortex (outer layer) and medulla (inner layer) in their thallus.
Lichina species are photobiont-specific, meaning they have a symbiotic relationship with a particular type of alga. Most species form symbiotic relationships with green algae of the genus Trentepohlia. They reproduce asexually through soredia or isidia and sexually through spores produced within apothecia.
Environments
Lichina species are well-adapted to the harsh environments of the intertidal zone. They can withstand long periods of desiccation (drying out) and exposure to salt water. They can also tolerate fluctuations in temperature and light intensity. They are often found in areas with strong wave action and high salinity, such as rocky shores exposed to the open ocean.
Distribution
Lichina lichens have a wide geographic distribution, found on rocky shores around the world. They are particularly common in temperate and boreal regions, including the coasts of North America, Europe, and Asia.
Notable Species
There are several notable species of Lichina, including:
- Lichina pygmaea
- Lichina confusa
- Lichina arctica
References
For further information on Lichina, refer to the following online resources: