Gobiiformes
The Gobiiformes, commonly known as gobies, are a diverse and abundant order of fish found in marine, brackish, and freshwater environments worldwide. They are characterized by their small size, generally under 20 cm, and their unique pelvic fins, which are fused together to form a suction cup-like structure. This adaptation allows them to hold onto substrates in fast-flowing water or cling to rocks and coral reefs.
Common Names
Gobiiformes are commonly known as gobies, but some species may also be referred to as sleepers, mudskippers, or shrimp gobies. The name goby originates from the Greek word gobios, which refers to a type of small fish.
Characteristics
Gobiiformes exhibit a wide range of characteristics, but some defining features include:
- Fused pelvic fins: Forming a suction cup-like structure.
- Small size: Generally under 20 cm, with some species reaching up to 1 meter.
- Scales: Typically ctenoid or cycloid, but some species are scaleless.
- Lateral line: Present in most species, but may be reduced or absent.
- Mouth: Terminal or subterminal, often with a protruding lower jaw.
Environments
Gobiiformes are found in a wide variety of environments, including:
- Marine: Coastal areas, coral reefs, rocky shores, seagrass beds.
- Brackish: Estuaries, mangrove swamps, tidal pools.
- Freshwater: Rivers, lakes, streams, ponds.
Some species are highly specialized to live in specific habitats, such as mudskippers, which are adapted to living in intertidal zones and can breathe air.
References
For further information on Gobiiformes, you can refer to the following reliable sources: