Ginglymostoma
Ginglymostoma is a genus of sharks belonging to the family Ginglymostomatidae. Commonly known as nurse sharks, they are characterized by their stout, robust bodies and a distinctive flattened head. They are found primarily in the tropical and subtropical waters of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. These sharks are typically solitary and nocturnal, spending the day resting on the seabed or in crevices.
Common Names
The term "nurse shark" is widely used to refer to all species within the Ginglymostoma genus. They are also sometimes called "sleeper sharks" due to their tendency to rest on the seabed for long periods.
Characteristics
Ginglymostoma sharks possess several distinguishing characteristics:
- Body Shape: They have a robust, somewhat flattened body with a broad, rounded head.
- Size: Nurse sharks can reach considerable sizes, with the largest species, Ginglymostoma cirratum, growing up to 3 meters (10 feet) in length.
- Coloration: Their coloration varies between species but generally features a mottled pattern of brown, grey, or yellow, often with darker spots or stripes.
- Dorsal Fins: They have two dorsal fins, with the first fin larger than the second and located farther forward on the body.
- Mouth: Their mouths are located on the underside of their heads and are equipped with numerous small, sharp teeth.
- Barbels: They have a pair of fleshy barbels (sensory appendages) located near their nostrils, which help them detect prey.
Environments
Ginglymostoma sharks are primarily found in shallow, coastal waters, including coral reefs, mangrove swamps, and seagrass beds. They prefer environments with soft sediments and ample hiding places. These sharks are often found near the seabed, resting during the day and becoming more active at night.