Eledonidae

Common Names

Eledonidae are commonly referred to as "paper nautilus octopuses" due to their resemblance to the paper nautilus, despite not being closely related. The name "paper nautilus" refers to the thin, papery shells these octopuses sometimes create to protect their eggs.

Characteristics

Eledonidae octopuses are characterized by their slender bodies, large eyes, and eight arms. They are relatively small compared to other octopus species, with most species reaching a maximum size of 1-2 feet. Unlike other octopuses, many Eledonidae species are known to produce thin, papery shells. These shells are not true shells like those of snails but are created by the octopus's own secretions. These shells are often used to protect their eggs and provide a temporary shelter. These octopuses also have a distinctive ink sac, which they use for defense. Additionally, they are known for their intelligence and ability to solve complex problems.

Environments

Eledonidae octopuses are found in a variety of marine environments, including:

• Shallow water reefs: Many Eledonidae species are found in shallow water coral reefs and rocky areas. They often dwell among the coral and use their camouflage abilities to blend into the surrounding environment.
• Deep sea: Some species, such as the genus Eledone, are found in the deep sea, at depths of up to 2,000 meters. These deep-sea species have adapted to survive in low-light conditions and rely on bioluminescence to attract prey.
• Open ocean: A few Eledonidae species are known to live in the open ocean, often found in association with floating debris or seamounts.

References

• World Register of Marine Species
• Cephalopod Page
• The Biology of Cephalopods, Vol. 1, edited by P. Boyle and P. Rodhouse