Dendrophylliidae

Dendrophylliidae is a family of stony corals in the order Scleractinia. Commonly known as “dendrophylliids,” they are a group of solitary or colonial corals that exhibit a diverse range of growth forms. These corals are characterized by their distinct polyp morphology and unique skeletal structures.

Dendrophyllia Cornigera – Dendrophyllia cornigera

Balanophyllia (Balanophyllia) bonaespei

Ahermatypic Coral – Tubastraea tagusensis

Tubastraea violacea

Black Tube Coral, Black Sun Coral – Tubastraea micranthus

Yellow Scroll Coral – Turbinaria reniformis

Walking Dendro – Heteropsammia cochlea

Dendrophyllia Gracilis – Cladopsammia gracilis

Star Coral – Astroides calycularis

Common Names

Dendrophylliids are often referred to as "tree corals" or "branching corals" due to their intricate branching growth patterns.

Characteristics

Dendrophylliids possess several distinctive features:

  • Solitary or colonial growth: They can exist as single polyps or form colonies with interconnected individuals.
  • Branching or encrusting morphology: Their skeletons exhibit various growth forms, including branching, encrusting, and massive structures.
  • Distinct polyp morphology: Dendrophylliid polyps have prominent, often large, oral discs with numerous tentacles.
  • Skeletal structures: Their skeletons are made of calcium carbonate and are often characterized by intricate patterns and grooves.
  • Symbiotic relationships: Many dendrophylliids host symbiotic zooxanthellae, single-celled algae that provide them with energy through photosynthesis.

Environments

Dendrophylliids are found in a variety of marine environments, primarily in tropical and subtropical regions. They can inhabit shallow reefs, deeper waters, and even caves. Their adaptability allows them to thrive in various conditions, from exposed reef slopes to shaded, sheltered areas.

References