Cantherhines

Cantherhines is a genus of fish in the family Monacanthidae, commonly known as filefish. These fish are found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world, typically inhabiting coral reefs and rocky areas. They are characterized by their unique body shape, which is flattened and oval-shaped, with a distinct “file” along their dorsal surface. This file is made up of tiny, sharp scales that provide protection from predators. Cantherhines are known for their vibrant colors and patterns, which vary between species.

Honeycomb filefish – Cantherhines pardalis

Rapanui filefish – Cantherhines rapanui

Characteristics

Cantherhines are typically small to medium-sized fish, ranging in length from a few centimeters to around 30 centimeters. They have a distinctive body shape, characterized by a compressed and oval-shaped body, with a prominent dorsal fin that is continuous with the caudal fin. Their mouths are small and beak-like, adapted for feeding on algae, invertebrates, and small fish. One defining characteristic of Cantherhines is the presence of a single, sharp spine on the dorsal fin, which is used for defense. This spine is usually hidden when the fish is not threatened, but can be erected quickly if necessary. Cantherhines also have a series of small, sharp scales that cover their body, which give them a rough texture, hence the common name "filefish."

Environments

Cantherhines are found in a wide range of marine environments, including coral reefs, rocky shores, and seagrass beds. They are typically found in shallow waters, but some species can be found in deeper waters. Cantherhines are often solitary fish, but they can occasionally be seen in small groups. They are diurnal feeders, meaning they are most active during the day.

Common Names

Common names for Cantherhines include:

  • Filefish
  • Triggerfish
  • Leatherjacket
  • Filefish

References