Umbrina roncador, commonly known as the roncador, is a fish species belonging to the drum family, Sciaenidae. This fish is known for its distinctive call, which can be heard underwater and has earned it the name “roncador,” meaning “snorer” in Spanish. The roncador is found in the eastern central Atlantic Ocean, ranging from the Azores in the north to the Canary Islands in the south.
Description & Characteristics
Umbrina roncador is a relatively large fish, with an average size of around 40 centimeters, although individuals can reach a maximum length of 56.0 centimeters. This fish has a robust, somewhat elongated body, with a large head and a slightly compressed, rounded profile. It is distinguished by its silver-grey to bronze coloration, which often displays faint, darker bands along the flanks. Its body is covered in small scales, and its dorsal fin consists of two distinct parts: a spiny anterior section and a soft posterior section. The roncador has a prominent mouth with strong, sharp teeth, suitable for its carnivorous feeding habits.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Umbrina roncador is primarily found in the eastern central Atlantic Ocean, inhabiting a variety of marine zones. It is commonly observed in coastal waters, preferring depths between 10.0 and 60.0 meters. This fish often occupies sandy or muddy bottoms, particularly in areas near rocky reefs and seagrass beds. These habitats provide suitable shelter, access to prey, and protection from predators. Umbrina roncador is a common sight in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as along the coasts of Portugal, Spain, Morocco, and the Canary Islands. It is known for its adaptability, allowing it to thrive in diverse marine environments.
Taxonomy
The species Umbrina roncador is classified within the Class: Teleostei, Order: Eupercaria incertae sedis, and Family: Sciaenidae. The Teleostei, or bony fish, is the most diverse group of vertebrates, encompassing approximately 96% of all living fish species. Within the Eupercaria incertae sedis group, the Sciaenidae family includes a wide variety of fish, commonly known as drums or croakers, known for their characteristic sounds produced by vibrating muscles.
Feeding
Umbrina roncador is a carnivorous fish, feeding primarily on a variety of invertebrates and smaller fish. Its diet includes crabs, shrimps, worms, and other benthic organisms. It uses its sharp teeth and powerful jaws to capture and subdue its prey. The roncador’s feeding habits are largely dependent on the availability of food in its habitat, showcasing its ability to adapt to diverse marine ecosystems.
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