Synoicum turgens

, Synoicum turgens, Synoicum turgens
Water Type: Marine

Synoicum turgens is a species of colonial tunicate belonging to the family Polyclinidae. These organisms are commonly found in marine environments, forming colonies that adhere to various surfaces.

Description & Characteristics

Synoicum turgens colonies are characterized by their distinctive morphology, consisting of numerous zooids, or individual animals, that are interconnected and enclosed within a shared tunic, or outer covering. The zooids are typically elongated, cylindrical, and possess two siphons, one for inhaling water and the other for expelling it. The colonies are typically small, measuring up to a few centimeters in diameter. The tunic is often translucent, allowing for the observation of the internal structures of the zooids.

Habitat and Occurrence

Synoicum turgens is a marine species that is widely distributed in various regions of the world. This species is commonly found in intertidal and subtidal zones, where it attaches to rocks, shells, and other solid substrates. The species typically inhabits the infralittoral zone, which extends from the low tide mark to a depth of about 20 meters. This zone is characterized by its exposure to strong currents, high wave action, and fluctuating salinity levels. These factors contribute to the unique adaptations observed in Synoicum turgens.

Taxonomy

Synoicum turgens belongs to the class Ascidiacea, which comprises a diverse group of filter-feeding marine invertebrates. This species is further classified within the order Aplousobranchia, a group of ascidians characterized by their simple internal anatomy and the absence of a distinct heart. Finally, Synoicum turgens is a member of the family Polyclinidae, which includes colonial ascidians that form complex and often brightly colored colonies.

Feeding

Synoicum turgens, like other ascidians, are filter feeders. Each zooid within the colony possesses a pair of siphons. Water is drawn in through the inhalant siphon, where it passes through a complex filtering system that captures microscopic food particles, such as phytoplankton and zooplankton. These particles are then transported to the digestive system, where they are broken down and absorbed. The filtered water is then expelled through the exhalant siphon.

Associated Species

Image References

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