The Stony Coral, Large Star Coral, scientifically known as Favites abdita, is a captivating species of stony coral found in the vast expanse of the world’s oceans. Its distinctive features and ecological significance have made it a subject of fascination for marine biologists and enthusiasts alike.
Description & Characteristics
Favites abdita, true to its common name, exhibits a large star-shaped corallite structure, typically measuring up to 10 centimeters in diameter. Its surface is covered with numerous, closely spaced corallites, giving it a textured and rugged appearance. The coral’s coloration can range from a pale beige to a deep brown, adding to its visual appeal. The colony form of Favites abdita is massive, often reaching considerable sizes and forming intricate, branching structures. This species is a common sight in reef habitats, where it plays a crucial role in the ecosystem’s health and stability.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Stony Coral, Large Star Coral, Favites abdita, thrives in a variety of marine environments, exhibiting a preference for shallow reef areas. It can be found in depths ranging from the surface to approximately 30 meters. The coral displays a strong affinity for warm, tropical waters, primarily inhabiting the Indo-Pacific region. It is particularly prevalent in the coral triangle, a marine biodiversity hotspot encompassing Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, and the Solomon Islands. Favites abdita is typically found in the intertidal and subtidal zones, making it a characteristic inhabitant of the neritic zone – the shallow waters extending from the coastline to the edge of the continental shelf.
Taxonomy
The species Favites abdita belongs to the Class: Hexacorallia, Order: Scleractinia, and Family: Merulinidae. This classification highlights its position within the broader scheme of marine life, placing it among the diverse and fascinating group of stony corals. The Hexacorallia class encompasses a wide array of coral species characterized by their six-fold symmetry, while the Scleractinia order distinguishes them as true, hard corals. The family Merulinidae, to which Favites abdita belongs, includes a number of other significant coral species known for their complex colony formations and ecological contributions.
Feeding
Favites abdita, like many other stony corals, exhibits a unique feeding strategy that combines both autotrophic and heterotrophic methods. It hosts a symbiotic relationship with microscopic algae called zooxanthellae. These algae reside within the coral’s tissues, providing it with a steady supply of energy through photosynthesis. However, Favites abdita also actively feeds on plankton, including phytoplankton, zooplankton, and small invertebrates. This heterotrophic mode of feeding supplements its nutritional intake, contributing to its overall health and growth. The interplay between autotrophic and heterotrophic feeding strategies allows Favites abdita to thrive in a wide range of environmental conditions, making it a resilient and successful member of the coral reef ecosystem.
Image References