The Orange-red Ascidian – Polycarpa papillata is a fascinating marine invertebrate belonging to the tunicate family. This colorful species is a common sight in various marine environments, adding a splash of vibrancy to the underwater landscape.
Description & Characteristics
As its name suggests, the Polycarpa papillata is characterized by its striking orange-red hue. This coloration is often accompanied by white or yellow patches, contributing to its distinctive appearance. The species can grow up to a maximum size of 5 cm in diameter, making it a relatively small but easily recognizable tunicate. Its body is typically spherical or ovoid in shape, with a smooth, leathery texture.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Orange-red Ascidian – Polycarpa papillata is a predominantly intertidal species, meaning it can be found both in the water and on land during low tides. It is commonly encountered in rocky shores, tide pools, and on kelp forests, favoring areas exposed to moderate wave action. This species is generally found in shallow coastal waters, with a depth range extending from the intertidal zone down to approximately 50 meters. This wide depth range indicates its ability to thrive in diverse marine environments, including the supralittoral, midlittoral, and infralittoral zones.
Taxonomy
The Polycarpa papillata belongs to the Class: Ascidiacea, Order: Stolidobranchia, and Family: Styelidae. This scientific classification highlights its relationship to other tunicates and underscores its position within the broader phylum Chordata.
Feeding
The Polycarpa papillata, like many other ascidians, is a filter feeder. It actively draws water into its body through a siphonal opening, trapping microscopic food particles such as plankton and algae. These particles are then filtered out using a specialized structure called a branchial basket, which lines the inner wall of the animal’s body. This efficient feeding mechanism allows the Polycarpa papillata to thrive in nutrient-rich environments.
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