The Northern Red Chiton, scientifically known as Boreochiton ruber, is a species of marine mollusc belonging to the class Polyplacophora, commonly known as chitons. These fascinating creatures are characterized by their eight overlapping shell plates, known as valves, which provide them with protection and a distinctive appearance. The Northern Red Chiton is a relatively small species, reaching a maximum size of approximately 40 millimeters in length.
Description & Characteristics
The Boreochiton ruber is easily recognizable by its striking red coloration, which gives it its common name. The shell plates, or valves, are a deep red or reddish-brown color, often with a slight sheen. The girdle, which is the fleshy area that surrounds the shell, is typically a paler, off-white color. This color combination helps the Northern Red Chiton blend in with its rocky surroundings.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Boreochiton ruber is a common inhabitant of the intertidal zone, primarily found in the lower intertidal and subtidal regions. This means that they can be found both above and below the waterline, depending on the tide. They prefer rocky habitats, particularly those with abundant algae, and can often be seen clinging to rocks or under overhangs. The Northern Red Chiton is found along the Pacific coast of North America, ranging from Alaska to California. They are particularly abundant in the temperate waters of the northeastern Pacific Ocean, frequently occurring in the Neritic zone which is the marine zone that extends from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf.
Taxonomy
The species Boreochiton ruber belongs to the family Tonicellidae, a group of chitons known for their strong, often highly sculpted shells. This family is classified under the order Chitonida, which comprises a diverse group of chitons with various forms and adaptations. These chitons, in turn, belong to the class Polyplacophora, a class of marine molluscs that are characterized by their unique, multi-plated shells.
Feeding
The Boreochiton ruber is primarily an algae grazer, scraping algae off rocks and other surfaces using its radula, a ribbon-like structure with rows of teeth. This diet can include both macroalgae, such as kelp, and smaller epiphytes that grow on the surfaces of other plants. The Northern Red Chiton plays an important role in the intertidal ecosystem by helping to control the growth of algae and maintain the balance of the community.
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