Knob Coral, scientifically known as Astraeosmilia maxima, is a captivating coral species characterized by its distinctive rounded shape and robust structure. This coral thrives in a variety of marine environments, making it a common sight in the underwater world.
Description & Characteristics
Astraeosmilia maxima is a solitary coral, meaning it grows independently, rather than forming colonies like many other coral species. It is easily identified by its knob-like appearance, with a rounded, dome-shaped structure that can reach a considerable size. The surface of the coral is covered in numerous small, conical projections, giving it a rough, textured feel. Its color can vary from shades of brown and beige to a more vibrant orange or even reddish-brown, depending on its habitat and the intensity of sunlight it receives.
Habitat and Occurrence
Knob Coral is a highly adaptable species, found in a wide range of marine environments. It is typically found in the subtidal zone, inhabiting the lower limit of the intertidal zone and extending down to the shelf edge, reaching depths of approximately 200 meters. This makes it a prevalent presence in both shallow and deeper waters, contributing to the biodiversity of these diverse ecosystems. Astraeosmilia maxima is commonly found in neritic zones, which encompass the marine waters that extend from the coastline out to the edge of the continental shelf.
Taxonomy
Astraeosmilia maxima is classified within the phylum Cnidaria, belonging to the Class: Hexacorallia, Order: Scleractinia, and Family: Merulinidae. This taxonomic classification places it within the group of hard corals, known for their rigid skeletons composed of calcium carbonate.
Feeding
Like many other corals, Astraeosmilia maxima obtains its sustenance through a combination of feeding methods. It captures small organisms like plankton from the surrounding water using its tentacles. However, it also relies on a symbiotic relationship with microscopic algae called zooxanthellae. These algae reside within the coral’s tissues, and through photosynthesis, they provide the coral with a substantial portion of its energy needs. This symbiotic partnership is crucial for the survival and growth of Astraeosmilia maxima.
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