Heavybeak parrotfish – Chlorurus gibbus

The Heavybeak Parrotfish, Gibbus Parrotfish, Red Sea Steephead Parrotfish, scientifically known as Chlorurus gibbus, is a striking and fascinating species of fish belonging to the parrotfish family (Scaridae). This large and vibrant fish is easily recognizable due to its unique physical characteristics and plays an important role in the health of coral reef ecosystems.

Description & Characteristics

Chlorurus gibbus is an impressive fish, reaching a maximum size of 70.0 cm. Its body is typically elongated and compressed, with a distinctive steep head profile that gives it the name “Steephead.” The color pattern can vary, but it usually features a mix of vibrant blues, greens, yellows, and oranges. The specific coloration often depends on the individual’s age and sex. This parrotfish also has a strong, beak-like mouth with fused teeth that it uses to scrape algae off coral and rocks. This feeding behavior contributes to the health of coral reefs by removing excess algae and allowing corals to thrive.

Habitat and Occurrence

Chlorurus gibbus is a common inhabitant of coral reefs, lagoons, and bays. It is often found in the subtidal, sublittoral, and infralittoral zones of the oceans, ranging from the lower limit of the intertidal zone to the shelf edge at about 200 m water depth. This deep-water presence makes it a part of the neritic marine zone. These fish are found throughout the Indo-Pacific region, including the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Pacific Ocean.

Taxonomy

The species Chlorurus gibbus belongs to the Class: Teleostei, Order: Eupercaria incertae sedis, and Family: Scaridae. This classification places it within a diverse group of fishes known for their vibrant colors, specialized feeding habits, and important ecological roles.

Feeding

Chlorurus gibbus, like most parrotfish, is primarily herbivorous, feeding on algae that grows on coral reefs. Its strong beak is perfectly adapted for scraping algae off surfaces. However, Chlorurus gibbus is also known to be corallivorous, meaning it will occasionally consume coral polyps. This behavior is essential for coral reef health as it helps control the growth of algae and allows corals to thrive.