The Galapagos Black Coral, Yellow Polyp Black Coral, Coral Negro, Little Thorn Coral – Antipathes galapagensis is a fascinating and unique species of black coral found in the waters surrounding the Galapagos Islands. Known for its striking appearance and intricate branching structure, this coral is a significant component of the diverse and rich marine ecosystem of the Galapagos Archipelago.
Description & Characteristics
Antipathes galapagensis is distinguished by its black, thorny branches, which can reach up to 1 meter in length. The coral’s polyps, the tiny, feeding structures that cover the branches, are a vibrant yellow, contrasting sharply with the dark skeleton. This striking combination of colors contributes to the coral’s common names, “Yellow Polyp Black Coral” and “Coral Negro.” The coral’s branches are covered with small, sharp spines, giving rise to another common name, “Little Thorn Coral.” Antipathes galapagensis is a non-photosynthetic coral, meaning it does not rely on algae for sustenance.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Galapagos Black Coral, Yellow Polyp Black Coral, Coral Negro, Little Thorn Coral – Antipathes galapagensis typically inhabits the mesophotic zone, a region of the ocean between 30 and 150 meters deep. This depth range provides a suitable environment for the coral’s growth and survival. Antipathes galapagensis is prevalent in the marine ecosystems of the Galapagos Islands, where it thrives in the cooler, nutrient-rich waters.
Taxonomy
The species Antipathes galapagensis belongs to the Class: Hexacorallia, Order: Antipatharia, and Family: Antipathidae. This classification places the coral within a group of marine invertebrates known for their intricate skeletal structures and diverse forms. The Antipatharia, commonly known as black corals, are characterized by their dark, often thorny skeletons and their generally deep-water habitat. Antipathes galapagensis is one of many unique species within this fascinating group.
Feeding
Antipathes galapagensis is an azooxanthellate coral, meaning it does not have a symbiotic relationship with photosynthetic algae. Instead, this black coral species relies on a variety of food sources to survive. It captures small organisms such as zooplankton, copepods, and amphipods from the surrounding water. In addition, Antipathes galapagensis also feeds on dissolved organic substances, a significant component of the marine environment. Its non-photosynthetic nature allows it to thrive in the deeper, darker waters where sunlight is limited.
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