California Hydrocoral – Stylaster californicus

, California Hydrocoral, Stylaster californicus
Depth: 12 - 55 m
Water Type: Marine
Toxicity: Toxic hazard unknown
Red List Status: Not evaluated (NE)
Temperature: °F - 57.2 °F (°C - 14°C)

The California Hydrocoral, scientifically known as Stylaster californicus, is a fascinating marine organism belonging to the class Hydrozoa, a group of predominantly colonial, predatory animals. This unique species is found in the vast depths of the ocean, showcasing remarkable adaptations to its challenging environment.

Description & Characteristics

Stylaster californicus is a colonial organism, meaning it exists as a group of interconnected individuals known as polyps. These polyps are small, typically measuring less than a centimeter in size. The colony itself can grow to a considerable size, often forming intricate branching structures resembling miniature trees. The colony is supported by a hard, calcareous skeleton that provides structural support and protection. Stylaster californicus exhibits a distinct coloration, often appearing white or pale yellow due to the presence of calcium carbonate in its skeleton. It is characterized by its polyp structure, with individual polyps possessing a ring of tentacles surrounding a central mouth, which serves as the primary feeding apparatus.

Habitat and Occurrence

Stylaster californicus thrives in the Subtidal, sublittoral, infralittoral, deep zone of the oceans from the lower limit of the intertidal zone (intertidal) to the shelf edge at about 200 m water depth. neritic. These marine zones encompass a variety of environments, ranging from the lower reaches of the intertidal zone where the ocean meets the land to the edge of the continental shelf. This species prefers hard substrates, such as rocks and kelp forests, where it can securely attach itself and flourish.

Taxonomy

The California Hydrocoral, Stylaster californicus, is classified within the phylum Cnidaria, which encompasses a diverse range of aquatic animals, including jellyfish, corals, and sea anemones. It belongs to the Class: Hydrozoa, a group of primarily colonial marine animals characterized by their simple body structure and life cycle. Within this class, it is further classified within the Order: Anthoathecata, encompassing a diverse range of hydroids. Finally, it is a member of the Family: Stylasteridae, a family known for its intricate, calcareous skeletons and distinctive polyp structures.

Feeding

Stylaster californicus is a carnivorous organism, relying primarily on plankton for sustenance. These tiny, drifting organisms are captured using the polyp’s ring of tentacles, which contain stinging cells called nematocysts. These cells are used to paralyze and capture prey, which is then transported to the mouth and digested.

Associated Species

Image References

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