The Cactus Coral – Pavona cactus is a species of stony coral found in the Indo-Pacific region. This coral is recognized for its unique, cactus-like appearance, featuring branching structures covered in small, pointed polyps. Its intricate structure creates a complex habitat for various marine organisms.
Description & Characteristics
The Pavona cactus is a colonial coral, meaning it forms colonies of interconnected polyps. Its branching structures, which resemble a cactus, are typically covered in short, spiny projections. These projections are the polyps, the individual organisms that make up the colony. The coral’s surface can be a variety of colors, including brown, gray, and green. The maximum size of a Pavona cactus colony can reach up to 1 meter in diameter.
Habitat and Occurrence
The Cactus Coral – Pavona cactus is a common coral species found in the Indo-Pacific region. It prefers shallow, reef environments, typically found at depths between 5 and 25 meters. This makes it a resident of the photic zone, where there is sufficient sunlight for photosynthesis. It thrives in clear, warm waters and is often found on reef slopes, walls, and lagoons. Pavona cactus plays a vital role in the coral reef ecosystem, providing shelter and food sources for a variety of marine organisms.
Taxonomy
The Cactus Coral – Pavona cactus is classified within the phylum Cnidaria, belonging to the Class: Hexacorallia, Order: Scleractinia, and Family: Agariciidae. This family encompasses various stony corals known for their diverse growth forms and important roles in coral reef ecosystems.
Feeding
The Cactus Coral – Pavona cactus is a filter feeder, capturing food particles from the surrounding water. Its polyps extend tentacles into the water, capturing dissolved inorganic substances like NaCL, CA, Mag, K, and I.P, as well as dissolved organic substances, plankton, and even smaller marine animals. It also hosts symbiotic zooxanthellae, single-celled algae that live within its tissues. These zooxanthellae contribute to the coral’s nutrition through photosynthesis, utilizing sunlight to produce energy. This combined feeding strategy allows the Pavona cactus to thrive in its nutrient-rich reef environment.
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