Brazilian stargazer – Astroscopus sexspinosus

Astroscopus sexspinosus, commonly known as the six-spined stargazer, is a fascinating fish species found in the western Atlantic Ocean. This species is characterized by its unique appearance and intriguing hunting strategy, making it a captivating subject for marine biologists and enthusiasts alike.

Description & Characteristics

Astroscopus sexspinosus is a relatively small fish, reaching a maximum size of 31.0 cm. Its body is elongated and flattened, with a broad head and a large mouth. One of the most distinctive features of this species is the presence of two large, protruding eyes positioned on top of its head. This allows the Astroscopus sexspinosus to remain camouflaged in the sediment while still being able to observe its surroundings. The species also has six prominent spines located on its operculum, giving it its common name. These spines are believed to be used for defense against predators.

Habitat and Occurrence

Astroscopus sexspinosus is primarily found in the western Atlantic Ocean, ranging from North Carolina to Brazil. This species prefers sandy or muddy bottoms and is typically found at depths of 5.0 to 15.0 meters. It is primarily found in the neritic zone, which is the shallow water region extending from the shoreline to the edge of the continental shelf. Within this zone, Astroscopus sexspinosus plays a significant role in the marine ecosystem.

Taxonomy

Astroscopus sexspinosus belongs to the Class: Teleostei, Order: Perciformes, and Family: Uranoscopidae. This family includes other stargazer species, all of which share similar characteristics and adaptations for their unique hunting strategies.

Feeding

Astroscopus sexspinosus is a carnivorous fish that employs a remarkable hunting strategy. It buries itself in the sand, leaving only its eyes and mouth exposed. When prey, such as small fish or invertebrates, swims by, the Astroscopus sexspinosus rapidly opens its mouth, creating a suction effect that draws the unsuspecting prey into its grasp. This strategy highlights the evolutionary adaptations of Astroscopus sexspinosus, enabling it to thrive in its specialized habitat.