Geography

Egypt covers an area of 1,001,450 square kilometers (386,660 sq mi). The country is predominantly desert, with the Nile Valley and Delta being the most fertile and densely populated areas. Egypt's highest point is Mount Catherine in the Sinai Peninsula, at 2,629 meters (8,625 ft). The country's longest river is the Nile, which flows through the country from south to north and empties into the Mediterranean Sea. The Nile is a vital source of water and irrigation for Egypt, and has been central to the country's history and civilization.

Population

Egypt has a population of approximately 104.3 million people (2023 est.). The population is concentrated in the Nile Valley and Delta, with the majority of Egyptians living in urban areas. The country is predominantly Arab, with a large Coptic Christian minority. The official language of Egypt is Arabic, and the main religion is Islam.

Culture

Egypt's culture is rich and diverse, with a long history of art, literature, music, and dance. The country is known for its ancient monuments, including the pyramids of Giza, the Sphinx, and the temples of Luxor and Karnak. Egypt also has a vibrant contemporary art scene, with many museums and galleries showcasing the work of local and international artists. Egyptian cuisine is also diverse, with influences from the Middle East, Africa, and Europe.

Economy

Egypt's economy is largely based on agriculture, tourism, and industry. The country is a major producer of cotton, rice, and wheat, and tourism is a significant source of revenue. The government is working to diversify the economy and promote industrial development. Egypt's main export partners are the United States, China, and Italy. Major industries in Egypt include textiles, food processing, pharmaceuticals, and petroleum refining.

History

Egypt has a long and fascinating history, dating back to ancient times. The country was home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, and its influence on the world is undeniable. Ancient Egypt was a powerful empire, with a sophisticated system of government, religion, and culture. The country was conquered by various empires throughout history, including the Greeks, Romans, Arabs, and Ottomans. Egypt gained independence in 1922, and has been a republic since 1953.

Major Landmarks

Egypt is home to many iconic landmarks, including:

• The Pyramids of Giza: One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, the Pyramids of Giza are a testament to the engineering and architectural prowess of ancient Egyptians.
• The Sphinx: This enigmatic statue, with the body of a lion and the head of a human, is one of the most recognizable symbols of ancient Egypt.
• The Temple of Karnak: This massive temple complex was built over centuries by many pharaohs, and is a stunning example of ancient Egyptian architecture.
• The Temple of Luxor: This temple is located on the banks of the Nile River, and is another must-see for any visitor to Egypt.
• The Abu Simbel Temples: These two temples were relocated in the 1960s to save them from the rising waters of Lake Nasser. They are a remarkable example of ancient Egyptian engineering.