Mediterranean Sea
Geography and Size
The Mediterranean Sea covers an area of approximately 2,500,000 km2 (965,000 sq mi). The largest landmass that borders it is the European continent. It is connected to the Atlantic Ocean by the Strait of Gibraltar, which is a narrow strait that separates Spain from Morocco.
Fauna
The Mediterranean Sea is home to a diverse range of marine life, including various species of fish, mammals, reptiles, and invertebrates. It is also home to various types of seaweed and other marine plants. Some of the prominent marine life includes:
- Fish: tuna, swordfish, anchovies, sardines, and groupers
- Mammals: dolphins, whales, and monk seals
- Reptiles: sea turtles, and sea snakes
- Invertebrates: jellyfish, octopuses, and lobsters
Surrounding Countries
The Mediterranean Sea is surrounded by numerous countries, both on its northern and southern shores. These countries include:
- Europe: Albania, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Cyprus, Egypt, France, Greece, Israel, Italy, Lebanon, Libya, Malta, Monaco, Montenegro, Morocco, Slovenia, Spain, Syria, Tunisia, and Turkey.
Depth and Water Temperature
The Mediterranean Sea has an average depth of 1,500 meters (4,920 feet). Its deepest point is the Calypso Deep in the Ionian Sea, which has a depth of 5,267 meters (17,280 feet). The water temperature of the Mediterranean Sea varies depending on the season and location. It is typically warmer in the summer and cooler in the winter. The average water temperature ranges from 10°C (50°F) in the winter to 25°C (77°F) in the summer.
Climate
The Mediterranean Sea experiences a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The climate is influenced by the subtropical high-pressure system, which brings dry air to the region.