Zoarcidae
Zoarcidae, also known as eelpouts, are a family of perciform fishes with over 200 species in 53 genera. They are found in all oceans, with the greatest diversity in the North Pacific. Eelpouts are generally small and slender, with some species reaching lengths of over 1 meter. They are often found in deep waters, particularly on the seafloor. Eelpouts are carnivores, feeding on crustaceans, worms, and other small fish.
Characteristics
Eelpouts are characterized by their elongated, eel-like bodies. They have a single dorsal fin that extends almost the entire length of their back, a long anal fin, and a small caudal fin. Their mouths are large and have rows of sharp teeth. Some species have barbels on their chins, which they use to sense prey. Eelpouts are generally drab in color, with shades of brown, gray, and black. Many have small scales or are entirely scaleless. Some species have bioluminescent organs.
Environment
Eelpouts are found in a variety of marine habitats, including:
- Continental shelves
- Deep-sea trenches
- Coral reefs
- Estuaries
They are generally found in cold water, but some species can tolerate warmer temperatures. Many eelpouts are demersal, living on the seafloor, but some are pelagic, swimming in the open ocean.
Reproduction
Eelpouts are generally oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. The eggs are usually laid in clusters or strings, and they are often attached to rocks, algae, or other substrates. The larvae are planktonic, meaning they drift in the water column, and they feed on zooplankton. Eelpouts typically reach sexual maturity after a few years, and they can live for several years.
References
[1] FishBase [2] Wikipedia [3] World Register of Marine Species