Zeidae
Zeidae, commonly known as John Dory or Dory, is a family of perciform fishes in the order Zeiformes. They are found in temperate and tropical waters around the world, inhabiting depths ranging from the surface to over 1,000 meters. These unique fishes are known for their distinctive body shape, flattened and compressed laterally, with a prominent, dorsal fin. The family comprises a relatively small number of species, approximately 11, all belonging to a single genus, Zeus. They are primarily carnivorous, feeding on various small marine organisms.
Physical Characteristics
Zeidae are characterized by their distinctive, flattened, and compressed body shape. Their bodies are deep and oval-shaped, with a pronounced dorsal fin extending almost the entire length of their back. This dorsal fin contains numerous spines, giving it a spiky appearance. In contrast, the anal fin is much smaller, located near the tail. They possess a large, protrusible mouth with a wide gape, equipped with sharp teeth for capturing prey. The color of their bodies varies according to species, ranging from silver and gray to golden and brown.
Habitat and Distribution
Zeidae are found in both temperate and tropical waters worldwide, inhabiting a wide range of depths, from the surface to over 1,000 meters. They are typically found near rocky reefs, seamounts, and other underwater structures, as well as in areas with strong currents. They are known to be solitary fish, but may occasionally form small aggregations.
Diet
Zeidae are primarily carnivorous, feeding on a variety of small marine organisms, including: * Crustaceans * Cephalopods * Fish * Other invertebratesThey ambush their prey, using their large mouths and sharp teeth to capture them. They are known to be opportunistic feeders, taking advantage of whatever prey is available.
Reproduction
Information on the reproductive habits of Zeidae is limited. They are believed to be oviparous, meaning they lay eggs. However, the specific details of their spawning behavior, egg development, and larval stages remain largely unknown.
Conservation Status
The conservation status of Zeidae varies depending on the species. Some species are considered to be of least concern, while others are categorized as vulnerable or near threatened. Overfishing, habitat loss, and climate change are among the factors that pose threats to their populations.
References
* FishBase * World Register of Marine Species * IUCN Red List of Threatened Species