Zalophus

Common Names

The common names for Zalophus species vary depending on the specific species and region. The California sea lion is commonly known as the California sea lion, while the Galapagos sea lion is often referred to as the Galapagos sea lion or the "lobo marino" in Spanish.

Characteristics

Zalophus species share several key characteristics, including:

• Size: They are relatively large seals, with males typically reaching up to 2.4 meters in length and weighing up to 350 kilograms. Females are generally smaller, averaging around 1.8 meters in length and 150 kilograms in weight.
• External ears: Unlike true seals (phocids), they have prominent external ears that are visible even when the animal is submerged.
• Hind flippers: Their hind flippers are capable of rotating forward, allowing them to walk on land with a characteristic "waddling" gait.
• Coloration: Their fur is typically a mottled brown or grayish color, with lighter shades on the belly and darker shades on the back.
• Vocalizations: They are known for their loud, barking vocalizations, which are used for communication and territorial displays.

Environment

Zalophus species are found primarily in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The California sea lion has a wide range, extending from the western coast of North America, from Alaska to Baja California, while the Galapagos sea lion is restricted to the Galapagos Islands.

They prefer coastal habitats with rocky shores, beaches, and islands where they can haul out to rest and breed. They are often found in areas with abundant fish and squid populations, which serve as their primary food sources.

References

• IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
• National Marine Fisheries Service
• Galapagos Conservation Trust