Xiphister
Xiphister is a genus of marine fish in the family Monacanthidae, commonly known as filefishes. It consists of two species: the striped filefish (Xiphister mucosus) and the spotted filefish (Xiphister atropurpureus). These fish are known for their unique body shapes, with flattened, elongated bodies and a single, sharp dorsal spine that can be locked upright for defense. They are relatively small in size, with adults typically reaching lengths of 10-20 cm.
Common Names
The two species within the genus Xiphister are commonly known as:
- Xiphister mucosus: Striped filefish
- Xiphister atropurpureus: Spotted filefish
Characteristics
Filefishes in the genus Xiphister share several distinctive characteristics:
- Body shape: Flattened, elongated body with a compressed, almost rectangular appearance.
- Dorsal spine: Single, sharp, and movable dorsal spine that can be locked upright for defense.
- Mouth: Small, terminal mouth with tiny teeth.
- Scales: Rough, sandpaper-like scales that give the fish its name.
- Coloration: Typically, a mottled or striped pattern with shades of brown, gray, and white.
Environment
Xiphister species are found in coastal waters of the Pacific Ocean, primarily along the western coast of North America. They inhabit rocky reefs, kelp forests, and sandy bottoms. They are generally found in shallow to moderate depths, typically below the low tide mark.