Stichopus
Stichopus is a genus of sea cucumbers belonging to the family Stichopodidae. These echinoderms are commonly known as “sea cucumbers” due to their elongated, cylindrical bodies resembling cucumbers. They are found in various marine environments worldwide, playing a significant role in the benthic ecosystem.
Characteristics
Stichopus species are characterized by their leathery, muscular body walls, which are often covered with small, scattered papillae or spines. They possess a unique respiratory system called "respiratory trees," which are highly branched, internal structures that facilitate gas exchange. These sea cucumbers also exhibit a remarkable ability to regenerate lost body parts, including their internal organs.
Environments
Stichopus species are generally found in shallow to deep waters, ranging from intertidal zones to the abyssal plain. They prefer soft, muddy or sandy substrates, where they burrow or crawl along the seabed. They are often found in coastal regions, coral reefs, and kelp forests.
Common Names
Common names for Stichopus species include:
- Sea cucumber
- Sea slug
- Trepang
- Bêche-de-mer
Notable Species
The genus Stichopus encompasses a diverse range of species, some of the most prominent include:
- Stichopus japonicus: An important commercially harvested species found in the North Pacific Ocean.
- Stichopus chloronotus: Widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific region, often found in coral reefs.
- Stichopus herrmanni: A species inhabiting the Mediterranean Sea.
- Stichopus badionotus: Commonly found in the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico.
References
For more detailed information about the genus Stichopus, refer to the following online resources: