Stichasteridae
The Stichasteridae are a family of starfish in the order Valvatida. The family contains 10 genera and about 100 species. They are found in the Indo-Pacific and the North Atlantic Ocean, and some species are common in the intertidal zone. They are typically found on rocky shores, but some species can also be found in sandy or muddy areas. Stichasteridae are often brightly colored and have distinctive patterns on their arms. Most species are carnivorous and feed on other invertebrates such as mussels, barnacles, and snails.
Common Names
Stichasteridae are commonly known as spiny starfish or sun stars. The name "spiny starfish" refers to the numerous spines that cover the surface of their bodies, while the name "sun stars" refers to the radiating arms that resemble the rays of the sun.
Characteristics
Stichasteridae are typically large and robust starfish with five arms that radiate from a central disc. They are covered in spines, which are used for defense and locomotion. Some species have pedicellariae, small pincer-like structures that are used to capture prey or defend against predators. The mouth is located on the underside of the central disc, and the anus is located on the dorsal surface. Stichasteridae have a well-developed water vascular system, which is used for locomotion, feeding, and respiration.
Environments
Stichasteridae are found in a variety of marine environments, including:
- Intertidal zones
- Subtidal zones
- Rocky shores
- Sandy shores
- Muddy shores
They are most common in temperate and tropical waters. Some species are tolerant of harsh conditions, such as low salinity or high temperatures.
References
World Register of Marine Species
Global Biodiversity Information Facility