Squatiniformes
Squatiniformes is an order of cartilaginous fish commonly known as angel sharks. These sharks are characterized by their flattened bodies, resembling rays, and their ability to lie partially buried in the sand on the seabed. They are found in temperate and tropical waters worldwide, typically inhabiting coastal areas, continental shelves, and slopes.
Common Names
Squatiniformes are commonly known as angel sharks, due to their wing-like pectoral fins that resemble angels' wings. Some species are also referred to as monkfish or angel rays.
Characteristics
Angel sharks possess several distinctive characteristics that differentiate them from other shark species. These include:
- Flattened body: Their bodies are dorsoventrally flattened, resembling rays, allowing them to lie camouflaged on the seabed.
- Large pectoral fins: Their pectoral fins are large and wing-like, used for propulsion and maneuvering.
- Small dorsal fins: They have two small dorsal fins located towards the rear of their body.
- No anal fin: Angel sharks lack an anal fin.
- Spiracle: They have a spiracle, an opening behind the eye, which allows them to breathe while resting on the seabed.
- Ampullae of Lorenzini: Angel sharks possess ampullae of Lorenzini, electroreceptors that help them detect prey in murky water.
Environment
Angel sharks are found in a wide range of marine environments, including:
- Coastal areas: They are commonly found in shallow coastal waters, often near sandy or muddy bottoms.
- Continental shelves: Angel sharks can be found on the continental shelves, extending to depths of around 200 meters.
- Continental slopes: Some species inhabit the slopes of the continental shelf, extending to depths of up to 1,000 meters.
References
For further information on Squatiniformes, refer to the following reliable sources: