Spicara

Spicara is a genus of marine fish belonging to the family Centracanthidae, commonly known as the “spinyfishes.” These fish are characterized by their elongated bodies, spiny dorsal fins, and often brightly colored scales. Spicara species are primarily found in the Mediterranean Sea, the eastern Atlantic Ocean, and the Red Sea.

Characteristics

Spicara species typically have slender, compressed bodies with a slightly pointed snout. Their dorsal fin is divided into two parts, the first being composed of spines and the second of soft rays. The anal fin also has a few spines followed by soft rays. These fish can reach lengths of up to 20 cm, although most individuals are smaller.

The scales of Spicara are ctenoid, meaning they possess small, comb-like teeth on their surface. They often display vibrant colors, ranging from silver to gold and even reddish hues, making them a visually appealing addition to their environment.

Environment

Spicara species are primarily found in coastal waters, inhabiting rocky reefs, seagrass meadows, and sandy bottoms. They can be found at depths ranging from the surface to around 50 meters. These fish are often found in groups, feeding on a variety of small invertebrates and algae.

Species

There are several species within the genus Spicara, including:

  • Spicara maena (Common Maena)
  • Spicara smaris (Smaris)
  • Spicara flexuosa (Flexuous Maena)
  • Spicara chrysotaenia (Goldstripe Maena)
  • Spicara melanurus (Blacktail Maena)
  • Spicara dentex (Dentex Maena)

References

For further information on Spicara, please consult the following reliable sources: