Scombriformes
Scombriformes is an order of ray-finned fish that includes tunas, mackerels, bonitos, and swordfish. They are a diverse group, with over 50 species found in all the world’s oceans. Scombriformes are characterized by their streamlined bodies, powerful swimming muscles, and forked tails. They are highly migratory fish, often traveling long distances in search of food. Scombriformes are important commercially, and many species are targeted by fisheries around the world.
Common Names
Members of the order Scombriformes are commonly known as tunas, mackerels, bonitos, and swordfish. Other common names for specific species include skipjack tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore tuna, bluefin tuna, Spanish mackerel, king mackerel, and broadbill swordfish.
Characteristics
Scombriformes share a number of characteristic features, including:
- Streamlined bodies
- Powerful swimming muscles
- Forked tails
- Fusiform (torpedo-shaped) body
- Scales that are small and smooth
- A lateral line that is prominent and often extends along the entire length of the body
- A swim bladder that is often absent
- A dorsal fin that is often divided into two parts
- A caudal fin that is large and powerful
- A number of finlets that are located behind the dorsal and anal fins
Environments
Scombriformes are found in all the world's oceans, from tropical to temperate waters. They are typically found in open ocean environments, but some species may also inhabit coastal areas or even freshwater lakes.