Sclerophyllia

Sclerophyllia is a genus of stony corals in the family Merulinidae. These corals are characterized by their hard, dense skeletons and their ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions. Sclerophyllia corals are found in a variety of tropical and subtropical marine environments, playing a crucial role in the health of coral reefs.

Sclerophyllia Margariticola – Sclerophyllia margariticola

Common Names

Sclerophyllia corals are commonly referred to as "pillar corals" due to their upright, columnar growth forms. They are also known as "lace corals" in reference to the intricate network of ridges and valleys that often adorn their surfaces.

Characteristics

Sclerophyllia corals are distinguished by several key characteristics:

  • Hard, dense skeletons: These corals possess thick, durable skeletons composed of calcium carbonate, which provides them with structural support and protection.
  • Columnar growth form: Many Sclerophyllia species exhibit a characteristic upright, columnar growth habit, resembling pillars or columns.
  • Intricate surface features: The surfaces of Sclerophyllia corals are often adorned with complex ridges, valleys, and pores, contributing to their distinctive appearance.
  • Zooxanthellae symbiosis: Like many other reef-building corals, Sclerophyllia species host symbiotic algae known as zooxanthellae within their tissues. These algae provide the corals with food through photosynthesis.

Environments

Sclerophyllia corals are found in a range of marine environments, including:

  • Coral reefs: These corals are common inhabitants of both shallow and deeper reef environments, contributing to the structural complexity and biodiversity of coral reefs.
  • Rocky shores: Some Sclerophyllia species can tolerate the harsh conditions of rocky shores, where they may be exposed to wave action and fluctuating salinity.
  • Deep-sea environments: Certain Sclerophyllia species have adapted to life in deeper water, where they may form colonies on rocky outcrops or even in caves.

References

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