Scalpellomorpha
Scalpellomorpha is an infraorder within the order Thoracica, a group of barnacles that are characterized by having a calcareous shell composed of six plates. They are commonly known as goose barnacles or stalked barnacles due to their distinctive elongated stalk. The term scalpellomorpha reflects the shape of the shell, which resembles a scalpel, a surgical knife.
Characteristics
Scalpellomorpha barnacles typically have a long, fleshy stalk that anchors them to substrates. The shell is typically elongated and tapering, with a distinct rostrum (beak) at the apex. The shell plates are arranged in a specific pattern, with the carina (keel) being the longest plate, followed by the rostrum and the terga (upper plates). The scutum and the carinal plates are often the most prominent plates, and they serve as the primary means of defense against predators.
The body of the barnacle is enclosed within the shell and is composed of a head, a thorax, and an abdomen. The head contains the mouthparts, which are adapted for filter feeding. The thorax contains the limbs, which are modified for capturing food particles. The abdomen is reduced in most scalpellid barnacles.
Environment
Scalpellomorpha barnacles are found in a variety of marine environments, from shallow coastal waters to deep-sea habitats. They are often found attached to rocks, shells, and other marine organisms. Some species are also found on the hulls of ships and other marine structures. Scalpellid barnacles are often found in areas with strong currents, which helps to bring them food.
Common Names
- Goose barnacles
- Stalked barnacles
- Scalpellid barnacles