Rhamphocottidae
Rhamphocottidae is a family of anglerfish in the order Lophiiformes. The family comprises two genera: Rhamphocotis and Oneirodes. They are commonly known as “deep-sea anglerfish” or “umbrella-mouths” due to their distinctive appearance.
Characteristics
Rhamphocottidae are characterized by their flattened, disc-shaped bodies, large heads, and elongated, whip-like illicium (the fleshy lure used to attract prey). They have a large, gaping mouth with numerous sharp teeth. Their bodies are covered in small, spiny scales or tubercles. They can range in size from a few centimeters to over 20 centimeters in length.
Environment
Rhamphocottidae are primarily found in deep-sea environments, typically at depths of 1,000 meters or more. They inhabit the bathypelagic zone, where there is little light and high pressure.
Distribution
These fish are found worldwide in all oceans, but their distribution is patchy and often dependent on specific oceanographic conditions.
Reproduction
Like many deep-sea fish, Rhamphocottidae exhibit unusual reproductive strategies. They often engage in sexual parasitism, where the smaller male attaches to the larger female and becomes dependent on her for nourishment.
Diet
Rhamphocottidae are carnivorous and feed on a variety of prey, including crustaceans, small fish, and other deep-sea invertebrates. They use their bioluminescent lures to attract prey into their gaping mouths.