Common Names
The term "rays" is the most common name for this order, though specific types of rays often have their own common names. Some examples include:
- Stingrays
- Skates
- Sawfish
- Electric rays
- Manta rays
Characteristics
The most defining characteristic of Rajiformes is their flattened bodies, which are dorsoventrally compressed. This adaptation allows them to live on the seafloor and ambush their prey. Other common features include:
- Pectoral Fins: Fused to the head, forming wing-like structures for swimming and maneuvering.
- Gill Slits: Located on the underside of the body, allowing them to breathe while lying on the bottom.
- Spiracles: Openings on top of the head that draw in water for respiration.
- Mouth: Situated on the underside of the head.
- Five Gill Slits: Common to all Elasmobranchii, allowing them to breathe.
Some species also have unique characteristics, such as the venomous spines of stingrays and the saw-like snout of sawfish.
Environments
Rays inhabit a wide range of marine environments, including:
- Shallow coastal waters: This is where many species, like stingrays, can be found.
- Deep sea: Some species, like the deep-sea skate, live at depths exceeding 2,000 meters.
- Coral reefs: Many species are associated with coral reefs, using them for shelter and food.
- Open ocean: The largest rays, like manta rays, live in the open ocean.
References
For further information, consult these reliable resources:
