Pseudosiderastrea
Pseudosiderastrea is a genus of colonial stony corals in the family Siderastreidae. These corals are commonly known as false star corals due to their resemblance to the true star corals of the genus Montastraea. Pseudosiderastrea are characterized by their massive, dome-shaped colonies that can reach several meters in diameter. Their polyps are typically small and have numerous tentacles, giving the coral a rough, granular appearance.
Characteristics
The most distinguishing characteristic of Pseudosiderastrea corals is their radial symmetry, with polyps arranged in radiating rows. They exhibit a unique pattern of corallite morphology, with a central opening called a mouth and surrounding septa (vertical plates) that extend from the wall of the corallite. The septa are often highly variable in shape and size, contributing to the rough, granular appearance of the coral.
Environment
Pseudosiderastrea corals are found primarily in the tropical western Atlantic Ocean. They are common inhabitants of reefal environments, preferring clear, shallow waters with moderate wave action. These corals are often found in the fore reef zone, where they are exposed to strong sunlight and currents.
Species
The genus Pseudosiderastrea currently includes two recognized species:
- Pseudosiderastrea taylorae
- Pseudosiderastrea clausa
Both species are considered reef-building corals and play an important role in the health and stability of coral reef ecosystems. They provide habitat for a variety of marine life, including fish, invertebrates, and algae. These corals are also known for their biodiversity, with a high abundance of species associated with their colonies.
Threats
Like many other coral species, Pseudosiderastrea corals face numerous threats, including climate change, ocean acidification, pollution, and disease. These factors can lead to coral bleaching, mortality, and reduced growth rates.