Pomatoschistus
Pomatoschistus is a genus of gobies, small fish of the family Gobiidae. The genus is distributed throughout the northeastern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Black Sea. They are commonly called “sand gobies,” and some species are popular aquarium fish. These fish are known for their small size, typically less than 10 centimeters long, and their distinctive elongated bodies. Pomatoschistus species are generally cryptic, living in sandy or muddy bottoms, often hiding among seaweed or rocks. They play a vital role in marine ecosystems as both predators and prey.
Common Names
Species within Pomatoschistus are often referred to as "sand gobies," with some having more specific common names depending on the location and species. Some examples include:
- Common sand goby
- Rock goby
- Dwarf goby
- Two-spotted goby
Characteristics
Pomatoschistus species share several key characteristics:
- Small size: Typically less than 10 centimeters in length.
- Elongated body: With a slender, cylindrical body shape.
- Large head: With a prominent snout and large eyes.
- Fused pelvic fins: Forming a suction disc that helps them attach to surfaces.
- Simple, often plain coloration: Usually brown, gray, or yellowish with minimal markings.
- Bottom dwelling: Preferring sandy or muddy bottoms.
Environment
Pomatoschistus species are commonly found in shallow coastal waters, estuaries, and intertidal zones. They are well adapted to a variety of habitats, including sandy beaches, rocky shores, and seagrass meadows. Pomatoschistus species are generally tolerant of salinity fluctuations and can be found in both brackish and marine waters.