Plicatulidae
Plicatulidae is a family of bivalve molluscs commonly known as “jingle shells” or “file shells”. These small, fragile shells are found in marine environments worldwide, particularly in tropical and subtropical waters. They are characterized by their thin, delicate shells that often have a distinctive, pleated or “plicate” surface. Plicatulidae are suspension feeders, relying on filtering microscopic organisms from the water column.
Characteristics
Plicatulidae shells typically have a distinctive shape, being elongated and often slightly curved. Their most notable feature is the presence of numerous, closely spaced, longitudinal ribs or folds on the shell surface, which give them their common names. These ribs can be smooth or may bear small, pointed scales or spines. The shell is often translucent or semi-transparent, allowing the internal organs to be visible. Plicatulidae are generally small, with most species reaching a maximum length of 1-2 cm.
Environment
Members of Plicatulidae are typically found in a variety of marine environments, including:*Intertidal zones: These are areas that are alternately exposed and submerged by the tides. Plicatulidae often attach themselves to rocks, seaweeds, or other hard substrates in this zone.*Subtidal zones: These are areas that remain submerged below the low tide mark. Plicatulidae may be found on sandy, muddy, or rocky bottoms in these zones.*Coral reefs: Some species of Plicatulidae are found associated with coral reefs, where they may live among the corals or on the reef substrate.
References
For further information on Plicatulidae, refer to the following sources: